Hiệp sĩ Charles Maxwell

Cũng như làm việc cho MI5, Knight là một chuyên gia được công nhận trong lĩnh vực điểu học và động vật học. Ông cũng là tác giả thành công của các cuốn sách về lịch sử tự nhiên. Cái này bao gồm Hướng dẫn của nhà tự nhiên học trẻ (1952), Làm vườn chim (1954), Bò sát ở Anh (1965), Làm thế nào để giữ một con voi (1967), Cách nuôi khỉ đột (1968) và Hãy là một thám tử thiên nhiên (1968).

Charles Maxwell Knight qua đời vì một cơn đau tim vào ngày 27 tháng 1 năm 1968.

L-R Maxwell Knight, Charles Hastings, một nhân viên điều hành máy quay phim thần kinh và Neville Harris.

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Bài đánh giá của M: Maxwell Knight, M15’s Greatest Spymaster của Henry Hemming

Câu chuyện về điệp viên vĩ đại của Anh, trên thực tế hay hư cấu, là một thể loại của thế kỷ 20 bắt đầu bằng The Riddle of the Sands và kết thúc bằng Ma quái. Nó có cốt truyện kể về những tấm gương phản chiếu của văn học và hoạt động gián điệp của Elizabeth I và Christopher Marlowe. Sau đó, mùi hương sẽ lạnh đi, trong khoảng 300 năm, cho đến khi hoàng hôn kéo dài của Vương quốc Anh.

Khi hoạt động gián điệp của Anh lần đầu tiên xuất hiện gần như chính thức trong các tác phẩm của Robert Baden-Powell, nó được ví như "chim sơn ca vui vẻ" được mô tả trong các cuốn sách như Trinh sát và hướng đạo (1884), nơi nó được mô tả là một công việc dành cho những người nghiệp dư. “Những điệp viên giỏi nhất”, trinh sát viên đầu tiên viết, “là những người đàn ông không được trả công, những người làm việc đó vì tình yêu với công việc.”

Charles Henry Maxwell Knight đưa vào câu chuyện này trong vai một Edwardian thời niên thiếu bị ám ảnh bởi các loài động vật: thằn lằn, chuột, nhím và rùa. Did he learn his cunning from his favourite childhood pet, a white rat named Agatha? Who knows? According to Henry Hemming, in this lively contribution to a maverick literature, Maxwell – “Max” – Knight was not just a charming oddball, he “may have been the greatest spymaster ever employed by MI5”.

Hemming’s “may have beens” haunt a biography that promises rather more than it delivers. Rich in sub-plot and cameo characters, its main theme is not as good as its overture. An engaging, damaged Englishman, Max may indeed be the model for “M” but he’s too tainted by fascist sympathies and confused sexuality to sustain the role of master spook with complete conviction.

After some unpromising beginnings as a naval reservist, London clubman, and jazz band leader, Knight’s first undercover job in 1923 was to penetrate the extreme right “British Fascisti” movement. The BF was a far cry from the jackboots of Hitler or Mussolini. Its founder was a lesbian former ambulance driver named Rotha Lintorn-Orman. Its membership included the captain of the England cricket team and the Irish fitness fanatic William Joyce, who would resurface later in Knight’s career as “Lord Haw-Haw”.

By the mid-1920s, Maxwell Knight was pursuing parallel lives, as a British fascist and as an agent-runner for MI5. Such a blurring of roles was typical of interwar counter-espionage, a triumph of the amateur principle that gave the young spy plenty of time for his pets (parrots, toads, grass snakes and a mongoose).

The first test for the fledgling security services came with the General Strike of 1926. The failure of a British revolution was possibly a vindication of the secret state, but it sponsored an identity crisis that sent Max (now married to a woman named Gwladys) into internal exile on Exmoor, as a publican.

By the time he re-emerged as “Captain King” or, behind as desk, as “M”, Maxwell Knight had become a fixture in the organisation that referred to itself as “the Office”, and was becoming renowned for recruiting glamorous young women from posh backgrounds. Knight, who was sexually ambiguous, worked well with female agents, and lucked out when he hired a Thư hàng ngày journalist’s daughter named Olga Gray.

When Knight’s story becomes Gray’s story, Hemming seems to be in two minds about where his biographer’s loyalty lies. Or about the true character of “MI5’s greatest spymaster”. It’s not clear, for instance, how close Knight was to British fascism after the 1920s or, indeed, to William Joyce. He was certainly distracted. As well as running agents, he was also flirting with pulp fiction, making friends with Dennis Wheatley, dabbling in the occult, and nurturing his domestic menagerie.

The Pope’s Endorsement

Initially, the Knights Templar faced criticism from some religious leaders. But in 1129, the group received the formal endorsement of the Catholic Church and support from Bernard of Clairvaux, a prominent French abbot.

Bernard authored “In Praise of the New Knighthood,” a text that supported the Knights Templar and bolstered their growth.

In 1139, Pope Innocent II issued a Papal Bull that allowed the Knights Templar special rights. Among them, the Templars were exempt from paying taxes, permitted to build their own oratories and were held to no one’s authority except the Pope’s.

20200602T1344-307-CNS-TRUMP-JPII-SHRINE c.jpg

At the shrine, Trump made no speech, signed no document, met no dignitaries or delegation and attended no prayer service. While he toured the building briefly, he did nothing except bring a wreath to the statue of John Paul II. He stood there for an awkwardly long time and appeared to have to instruct the first lady to smile.

The existence of the St. Pope John Paul II Shrine is itself a scandal. It was built by the Archdiocese of Detroit at a time when archdiocese was closing many schools and parishes for lack of funds. It cost $75 million.

But it is a dramatic setting for a Catholic type campaign photo.

Who could have approved this visit? Surely a presidential visit would be approved at the top echelons of the Knights, including Supreme Knight Carl Anderson and supreme chaplain Baltimore Archbishop William Lori. By allowing the visit, the Supreme Council disrespected our local bishop and church and showed that they had a tin ear to the controversy over racism. It was a stick in the eye to the local church which is heavily African American.

Because Trump countenances and encourages racism. I don't have space here to recount all the evidence from the last three years, including the campaign, Charlottesville, his statements about immigrants and refugees and his remarks about athletes "taking a knee" before football games to protest racism, calling any player who "disrespects our flag" a "son of a bitch" who should be fired. As former Secretary of Defense James Mattis said, he is the first American president who seeks to divide Americans, not unite them.

Racism is a sin. It has been condemned by the last three popes, and by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. The Supreme Council knew this visit would amount to political support for Trump in a national controversy over racism.

Anderson is not a politically naive man. He has been a political operative in Washington for many years. He was a legislative assistant to Sen. Jesse Helms of North Carolina, from 1976-1981. Helms was well known as a segregationist and who opposed the effort to establish a national holiday honoring the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. Anderson went on to work at the Reagan White House and then was appointed by George H.W. Bush to the U.S. Civil Rights Commission, where he gained a reputation for slow walking civil rights enforcement. Anderson knew what he was doing in this controversy.

Charles R. Knight

Charles R. Knight’s murals and other paintings are displayed extensively in museums and private collections, and his works have set a standard throughout the world in the painting of both modern and prehistoric animals.Early in life he attended the art school at the Metropolitan Museum, and later pursued his studies at the Art Students League. He has studied the anatomy and movements of living animals both in the zoos of this country and those of Europe. His versatility and unique genius are evident in the uniform excellence of his animal pictures, landscapes and portraits. Mr. Knight is the author of Before the Dawn of History, which is widely read by the public and used in educational institutions. Another book on prehistory for younger readers and also one on Comparative Psychology and Anatomy of Animals will shortly appear in print. —The Editor [1938]. Charles R. Knight (1874–1953) is famous for his ground-breaking depictions of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals, and of wildlife in general. As this article shows, his patient observation of captive animals—even those confined to the primitive cages commonly found in zoos of the time—enabled him to learn a great deal about animal behavior in the wild. Millions of people are exposed annually to Knight’s works in major institutions around the world, including the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, the Field Museum in Chicago, and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. For more information and additional illustrations, visit The World of Charles R. Knight and the other links given below. —The Editor [2007]

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Who Are the Knights of Malta — and What Do They Want?

In a speech in Doha on Monday, veteran Người New York journalist Seymour Hersh alleged that the U.S. military’s Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) had been infiltrated by Christian fanatics who see themselves as modern-day Crusaders and aim to "change mosques into cathedrals." In particular, he alleged that former JSOC head Gen. Stanley McChrystal — later U.S. commander in Afghanistan — and his successor, Vice Adm. William McRaven, as well as many other senior leaders of the command, are "are all members of, or at least supporters of, Knights of Malta." What was he talking about?

Not exactly clear. There’s not much evidence to suggest that the Knights of Malta are the secretive cabal of anti-Muslim fundamentalists that Hersh described. (For the record, when contacted by Foreign Policy , McChrystal said that he is not a member.) But they are certainly an anomalous presence in international politics and have provoked their share of conspiracy theories over the years.

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta is a Roman Catholic organization based in Rome with around 13,000 members worldwide. The group was founded in 1048 by Amalfian merchants in Jerusalem as a monastic order that ran a hospital to tend to Christian pilgrims in the Holy Land. At the height of its power, the order was also tasked by Rome with the additional military function of defending Christians from the local Muslim population. The Knights of St. John were just one of a number of Christian military orders founded during this period — including the fabled but now defunct Knights of Templar.

When the Sultan of Egypt retook Jerusalem in 1291, the Knights of St. John went into exile, settling in Rhodes 20 years later. In 1523 they were forced from Rhodes by the Sultan’s forces and settled in Malta, which they ruled until they were dislodged by Napoleon’s army in 1798. The order settled in Rome in the mid-19th century, where it remains to this day.

Despite its name, the Knights haven’t had any military function since leaving Malta. Instead, the order has gone back to its charitable roots by sponsoring medical missions in more than 120 countries.

When the order was founded, knights were expected to take a vow of poverty, chastity, and obedience upon joining. Nowadays, obedience is enough. Membership is still by invitation only, but you no longer have to be a member of the nobility. In recent years, the organization has become increasingly American in membership. The leader of the order, referred to as the prince and grand master, is elected for life in a secret conclave and must be approved by the pope.

Despite having no fixed territory besides its headquarters building in Rome, the order is considered a sovereign entity under international law. It prints its own postage stamps and coins — though these are mostly for novelty value — and enjoys observer status at the United Nations, which classifies it as a nonstate entity like the Red Cross. The Knights maintain diplomatic relations with 104 countries. The order does not have official relations with the United States, though it has offices in New York, for the United Nations delegation, and Washington, for its representation at the Inter-American Development Bank.

Because of its secretive proceedings, unique political status, and association with the Crusades, the order has been a popular target for conspiracy theorists. Alleged members have included former CIA Directors William Casey and John McCone, Chrysler Chairman Lee Iacocca, and GOP fixture Pat Buchanan, though none have ever acknowledged membership. Various theories have tied the Knights to crimes including the Kennedy assassination and spreading the AIDS virus through its clinics in Africa.

In 2006, a newspaper article in the United Arab Emirates claimed that the Knights were directly influencing U.S. policy in Iraq and Afghanistan, reprising their role in the Crusades. Following the article, Islamist websites in Egypt urged followers to attack the order’s embassy in Cairo, forcing the organization to issue a statement denying any military role.

To be fair, the Knights have been involved in their fair share of political intrigues. In 1988, the charge d’affaires at the order’s embassy in Havana confessed to being a double agent, reporting to both the CIA and Cuban intelligence. According to journalist Jeremy Scahill’s book Blackwater, Joseph Schmitz, a former executive at the company who also served as inspector general for the U.S. Department of Defense, boasted of his membership in the Knights in his official biography. The defense contractor now known as Xe’s chief executive, Erik Prince, reportedly espoused Christian supremacist beliefs, and its contractors in Iraq used codes and insignia based on the order’s medieval compatriots, the Knights of the Templar. However, there’s no evidence to suggest the Knights of Malta had any direct influence over the company.

So while the group is, for the most part, a charitable organization with little resemblance to the sinister portrait painted by its detractors, an image-makeover might be in order as it finishes off its 10th century.

In a speech in Doha on Monday, veteran Người New York journalist Seymour Hersh alleged that the U.S. military’s Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) had been infiltrated by Christian fanatics who see themselves as modern-day Crusaders and aim to "change mosques into cathedrals." In particular, he alleged that former JSOC head Gen. Stanley McChrystal — later U.S. commander in Afghanistan — and his successor, Vice Adm. William McRaven, as well as many other senior leaders of the command, are "are all members of, or at least supporters of, Knights of Malta." What was he talking about?

Not exactly clear. There’s not much evidence to suggest that the Knights of Malta are the secretive cabal of anti-Muslim fundamentalists that Hersh described. (For the record, when contacted by Foreign Policy , McChrystal said that he is not a member.) But they are certainly an anomalous presence in international politics and have provoked their share of conspiracy theories over the years.

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta is a Roman Catholic organization based in Rome with around 13,000 members worldwide. The group was founded in 1048 by Amalfian merchants in Jerusalem as a monastic order that ran a hospital to tend to Christian pilgrims in the Holy Land. At the height of its power, the order was also tasked by Rome with the additional military function of defending Christians from the local Muslim population. The Knights of St. John were just one of a number of Christian military orders founded during this period — including the fabled but now defunct Knights of Templar.

When the Sultan of Egypt retook Jerusalem in 1291, the Knights of St. John went into exile, settling in Rhodes 20 years later. In 1523 they were forced from Rhodes by the Sultan’s forces and settled in Malta, which they ruled until they were dislodged by Napoleon’s army in 1798. The order settled in Rome in the mid-19th century, where it remains to this day.

Despite its name, the Knights haven’t had any military function since leaving Malta. Instead, the order has gone back to its charitable roots by sponsoring medical missions in more than 120 countries.

When the order was founded, knights were expected to take a vow of poverty, chastity, and obedience upon joining. Nowadays, obedience is enough. Membership is still by invitation only, but you no longer have to be a member of the nobility. In recent years, the organization has become increasingly American in membership. The leader of the order, referred to as the prince and grand master, is elected for life in a secret conclave and must be approved by the pope.

Despite having no fixed territory besides its headquarters building in Rome, the order is considered a sovereign entity under international law. It prints its own postage stamps and coins — though these are mostly for novelty value — and enjoys observer status at the United Nations, which classifies it as a nonstate entity like the Red Cross. The Knights maintain diplomatic relations with 104 countries. The order does not have official relations with the United States, though it has offices in New York, for the United Nations delegation, and Washington, for its representation at the Inter-American Development Bank.

Because of its secretive proceedings, unique political status, and association with the Crusades, the order has been a popular target for conspiracy theorists. Alleged members have included former CIA Directors William Casey and John McCone, Chrysler Chairman Lee Iacocca, and GOP fixture Pat Buchanan, though none have ever acknowledged membership. Various theories have tied the Knights to crimes including the Kennedy assassination and spreading the AIDS virus through its clinics in Africa.

In 2006, a newspaper article in the United Arab Emirates claimed that the Knights were directly influencing U.S. policy in Iraq and Afghanistan, reprising their role in the Crusades. Following the article, Islamist websites in Egypt urged followers to attack the order’s embassy in Cairo, forcing the organization to issue a statement denying any military role.

To be fair, the Knights have been involved in their fair share of political intrigues. In 1988, the charge d’affaires at the order’s embassy in Havana confessed to being a double agent, reporting to both the CIA and Cuban intelligence. According to journalist Jeremy Scahill’s book Blackwater, Joseph Schmitz, a former executive at the company who also served as inspector general for the U.S. Department of Defense, boasted of his membership in the Knights in his official biography. The defense contractor now known as Xe’s chief executive, Erik Prince, reportedly espoused Christian supremacist beliefs, and its contractors in Iraq used codes and insignia based on the order’s medieval compatriots, the Knights of the Templar. However, there’s no evidence to suggest the Knights of Malta had any direct influence over the company.

So while the group is, for the most part, a charitable organization with little resemblance to the sinister portrait painted by its detractors, an image-makeover might be in order as it finishes off its 10th century.

Agent M

Maxwell Knight was a paradox. A jazz obsessive and nature enthusiast (he is the author of the definitive work on how to look after a gorilla), he is seen today as one of MI5’s greatest spymasters, a man who did more than any other to break up British fascism during the Second World War – in spite of having once belonged to the British Fascisti himself. He was known to his agents and colleagues simply as M, and is rumored to be the inspiration for the character in the James Bond series.

Knight became a legendary spymaster despite an almost total lack of qualifications. What set him apart from his peers was a mercurial ability to transform almost anyone into a fearless secret agent. He was the first in MI5 to grasp the potential of training female agents.

Agent M is about more than just one man however. In its pages, Hemming will reveal for the first time in print the names and stories of some of the men and women recruited by Knight, on behalf of MI5, and then asked to infiltrate the most dangerous political organizations in Britain at that time. Until now, their identities have been kept secret outside MI5. Drawn from every walk of life, they led double lives—often at great personal cost—in order to protect the country they loved. With the publication of this book, it will be possible at last to celebrate the lives of these courageous and selfless individuals.

Drawing on declassified documents, private family archives, and original interviews, Agent M reveals not just the shadowy world of espionage but a brilliant, enigmatic man at its shadowy center.

Charles Knight

Published by Bradbury & Evans, 1857

Đã sử dụng - Bìa cứng
Condition: Good

Condition: Good. 1857. 499 pages. No dust jacket. Red half bound cloth and leather with gilt lettering. Tập III. Pages and binding are presentable with no major defects. Minor issues present such as mild cracking, inscriptions, inserts, light foxing, tanning and thumb marking. Overall a good condition item. Boards have mild shelf wear with light rubbing and corner bumping. Some light marking and sunning.

Popular history of England. Volume: v.1 (1862) (Reprint) (Softcover)

Knight, Charles, 1791-1873.

New - Softcover
Condition: NEW

Bìa mềm. Condition: NEW. Softcover edition. Condition: New. Reprinted from 1862 edition. NO changes have been made to the original text. This is NOT a retyped or an ocr'd reprint. Illustrations, Index, if any, are included in black and white. Each page is checked manually before printing. As this print on demand book is reprinted from a very old book, there could be some missing or flawed pages, but we always try to make the book as complete as possible. Fold-outs, if any, are not part of the book. If the original book was published in multiple volumes then this reprint is of only one volume, not the whole set. Sewing binding for longer life, where the book block is actually sewn (smythe sewn/section sewn) with thread before binding which results in a more durable type of binding. THERE MIGHT BE DELAY THAN THE ESTIMATED DELIVERY DATE DUE TO COVID-19. Pages: 552 Volume: v.1.

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